htaccess file that has been updated (it happened already once, when it has been added a line to that file to avoid a security issue). The user who created the file should still be able to overwrite the file, in the case a next version of Drupal comes with an. htaccess files (which are present in at least two places) should have the permission 644. In the scenario I am describing, the permission of this file should at least be 644. The settings.php file must be writable from the Drupal installer, but once the installation is done it is suggested to make it read-only (the installer suggest that, and Drupal will periodically check if the file is really read-only).This scenario applies also to the case where those files are created using SSH. This means that the user who owns the files manually created before running the Drupal installer (which includes also the files uploaded on the server from the Drupal archive) is not the user used to run the web server (neither the username or the group matches). I will reply considering the case the files are created on the server using FTP, using credentials different from the one under which is the web server runs (normally, Apache runs as nobody/nobody). Views access controlled (protecting against information disclosure).Base URL set / D8 Trusted hosts (protecting against some phishing attempts).PHP execution (protecting against arbitrary code execution).Password included in user emails (avoiding information disclosure).Username as password (protecting against brute-force).Responsible Drupal admin permissions (protecting against access misconfiguration).Large amount of failed logins (could be sign of brute-force attempts).Large amount of database errors (could be sign of SQLi attempts).Safe error reporting (avoiding information disclosure).PHP or Javascript in content (nodes and comments and fields in Drupal 7).Text formats don't allow dangerous tags (protecting against XSS).Safe file system permissions (protecting against arbitrary code execution).The Drupal Docs others have linked to are quite good on the topic but one other resource is the Security Review Module which helps ensure you've got everything set properly. That's it! This set up ensures you avoid any situations where either the user that owns the directory or the web server can't write/change/remove files in the files directory.Īny advice to "chmod blah" or "chown X" is meaningless without knowing: what the default user:group is on the files and what user and groups your webserver runs as. When finished, it is VERY important to come back to settings.php and ensure that all users only have read permissions. If there are any existing files in this directory, be sure the web server has write perms on them. What that means is that The second 7 means that group (chmod 2775 sites/default/files ![]() The 2 means that the group id will be preserved for any new files created in this directory. We do this by using 2775 in our chmod command. Next we'll set up permissions so that the web server can always write to any file that is in this directory. # Temporarily give the web server write permissions to settings.phpĬhgrp www-data sites/default/settings.php su - exampleĬp sites/default/ sites/default/settings.php Once I have that set up, I'll log in as that user and install Drupal at /var/Since we log in as our example user before copying in Drupal, our file ownership and permissions should automatically be properly configured on all the core Drupal files and scripts (including. ![]() # called www-data, on CentOS it's usually apache. Useradd -s /bin/bash -d /var/www/example -m example ![]() On Ubuntu, these are the commands to get that set up: # Create a new example user, setting up /var/www/example as their home dir. ![]() My practice around creating a new Drupal site on a server is to have a user that is a part of the web server (typically Apache) group, and have that user own all the Drupal files.
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